Novel Comparative Approach Enables Mapping of Fish 'Countries'

Courtesy of Zach Zbinden

Zach Zbinden

Using novel comparative riverscape genomics, biologists at the University of Arkansas surveyed 31 fish species from 75 locations in the White River Basin in Arkansas. Their study revealed a complex network of relations and adaptations that define aquatic communities in rivers and will help biologists plan conservation and ecosystem management.

The researchers' approach to genomic mapping, similar to that used by 23andMe for humans, revealed consistent genetic boundaries between populations of the various species in different sub-basins.

"Just as our ancestors were more likely to have close relatives nearby, so also have fish, thus creating regionally distinct genetic 'countries,' shaped by unique environments," said Zach Zbinden, a post-doctoral research associate. Zbinden performed the research as part of his doctoral dissertation, guided by Marlis and Michael Douglas, professors of biological sciences.

The research will change how biologists plan conservation and ecosystem management, as humans typically have been unaware of such populations, given their invisible existence below water, Zbinden said. By identifying and understanding these genetic "countries" for many species, a blueprint for effective ecosystem conservation can emerge, a system that acknowledges and defines riverscape genetic diversity.

The study also demonstrates the importance of river network structure in predicting relationships among and within co-distributed species. It highlights the necessity of translating these hidden borders into local management strategies, for example, prioritizing the conservation of rivers that harbor unique populations across many species.

The study was published as the cover article in the most recent issue of Molecular Ecology.

The publication represents one component of Zbinden's doctoral research at the University of Arkansas. It showcases the university's leadership in its land grant mission and emphasizes the critical role of graduate research in shaping an approach to global environmental challenges.

About the University of Arkansas: As Arkansas' flagship institution, the U of A provides an internationally competitive education in more than 200 academic programs. Founded in 1871, the U of A contributes more than $2.2 billion to Arkansas' economy through the teaching of new knowledge and skills, entrepreneurship and job development, discovery through research and creative activity while also providing training for professional disciplines. The Carnegie Foundation classifies the U of A among the few U.S. colleges and universities with the highest level of research activity. U.S. News & World Report ranks the U of A among the top public universities in the nation. See how the U of A works to build a better world at Arkansas Research and Economic Development News.